{"id":1419,"date":"2024-01-09T22:25:39","date_gmt":"2024-01-09T14:25:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bdmaee.cn\/?p=1419"},"modified":"2024-01-09T22:27:25","modified_gmt":"2024-01-09T14:27:25","slug":"%e8%a1%a8%e9%9d%a2%e6%b4%bb%e6%80%a7%e5%89%82%e7%9a%84%e6%80%a7%e8%b4%a8%e5%92%8c%e5%8a%9f%e8%83%bd","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bdmaee.cn\/archives\/1419","title":{"rendered":"\u8868\u9762\u6d3b\u6027\u5242\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u548c\u529f\u80fd"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bdmaee.cn\/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>\u8868\u9762\u6d3b\u6027\u5242<\/strong><\/a>\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u548c\u529f\u80fd<\/p>\n<p>\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8868\u9762\u6d3b\u6027\u5242\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0d\u5c3d\u76f8\u540c, \u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6027\u8d28\u2014\u2014\u5438\u9644\u548c\u805a\u96c6\u3002\u6eb6\u4e8e\u6c34\u65f6, \u8868\u9762\u6d3b\u6027\u5242\u5bb9\u6613\u5728\u7a7a\u6c14\/\u6c34\u8868\u9762\u5438\u9644(\u5bcc\u96c6), \u5f62\u6210\u6392\u5217\u6574\u9f50\u7684\u5355\u5c42\u819c(\u56fe2(a))\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u7a7a\u6c14\/\u6c34\u8868\u9762, \u8868\u9762\u6d3b\u6027\u5242\u8fd8\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u6cb9\/\u6c34\u754c\u9762\u5bcc\u96c6\u5e76\u964d\u4f4e\u754c\u9762\u5f20\u529b, \u6539\u53d8\u6cb9\/\u6c34\u754c\u9762\u819c\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u6027\u8d28\u3002\u5728\u8868\u9762\u6d3b\u6027\u5242\u7684\u8f85\u52a9\u4e0b, \u6cb9\u3001\u6c34\u80fd\u591f\u5f62\u6210\u4e73\u6db2, \u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u548c\u5de5\u519c\u4e1a\u751f\u4ea7\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u4ea6\u80fd\u591f\u5438\u9644\u4e8e\u56fa\u4f53\u8868\u9762, \u63d0\u9ad8\u56fa\u4f53\u57fa\u5e95\u7684\u6da6\u6e7f\u6027\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5438\u9644\u964d\u4f4e\u8868\/\u754c\u9762\u5f20\u529b, \u662f\u8868\u9762\u6d3b\u6027\u5242\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6027\u8d28\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8868\u9762\u6d3b\u6027\u5242\u5438\u9644\u4e8e\u7a7a\u6c14\/\u6c34\u8868\u9762\u5f62\u6210\u5355\u5206\u5b50\u819c\u793a\u610f\u56fe(a)\u4ee5\u53ca\u8868\u9762\u6d3b\u6027\u5242\u6c34\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u5178\u578b\u805a\u96c6\u4f53\u7ed3\u6784(b)\u3002\u56fe(b)\u4e2d\uff0c\u7403\u5f62\u80f6\u675f\u548c\u56ca\u6ce1\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u88ab\u5207\u9664, \u4ee5\u4fbf\u63ed\u793a\u5185\u90e8\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u5c55\u793a, \u5355\u5206\u5b50\u819c\u548c\u5404\u805a\u96c6\u4f53\u5c3a\u5bf8\u5e76\u672a\u6309\u540c\u4e00\u8868\u6d3b\u5242\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u6bd4\u4f8b\u7ed9\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1420\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bdmaee.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/1704810062109.jpg\" width=\"660\" height=\"322\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.bdmaee.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/1704810062109.jpg 660w, https:\/\/www.bdmaee.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/1704810062109-300x146.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 660px) 100vw, 660px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u8868\u9762\u6d3b\u6027\u5242\u8fc7\u591a\u3001\u5728\u7a7a\u6c14\/\u6c34\u8868\u9762\u8fbe\u5230\u9971\u548c\u5438\u9644\u7684\u65f6\u5019, \u5219\u5bb9\u6613\u5728\u4f53\u76f8\u805a\u96c6(aggregation)\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u591a\u6570\u8868\u9762\u6d3b\u6027\u5242\u4f1a\u9996\u5148\u805a\u96c6\u6210\u80f6\u675f(micelle), \u56e0\u800c\u8fd9\u4e00\u6d53\u5ea6\u79f0\u4e3a\u4e34\u754c\u80f6\u675f\u6d53\u5ea6(critical micellar concentration, cmc)\u3002\u8868\u9762\u6d3b\u6027\u5242\u6240\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u805a\u96c6\u4f53\u79cd\u7c7b\u591a\u6837, \u5177\u4f53\u4e0e\u8868\u9762\u6d3b\u6027\u5242\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u6d53\u5ea6, \u4ee5\u53ca\u5916\u5728\u6761\u4ef6\u5bc6\u5207\u76f8\u5173, 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\/><\/p>\n<p>2\u3001\u8868\u9762\u6d3b\u6027\u5242\u7684\u5178\u578b\u529f\u80fd<\/p>\n<p>\u8868\u9762\u6d3b\u6027\u5242\u6613\u4e8e\u5438\u9644\u548c\u81ea\u805a\u96c6\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6027\u8d28\u884d\u751f\u51fa\u591a\u79cd\u591a\u6837\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u8868\u9762\u6d3b\u6027\u5242\u7684\u758f\u6c34\u5c3e\u94fe\u80fd\u591f\u63d2\u5165\u6cb9\u6c61\u4ee5\u964d\u4f4e\u6cb9\/\u6c34\u754c\u9762\u5f20\u529b, \u5728\u673a\u68b0\u6405\u52a8\u7b49\u8f85\u52a9\u4e0b, \u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5c06\u5176\u589e\u6eb6, \u5f62\u6210\u6eb6\u80c0\u7684\u80f6\u675f\u6216\u4e73\u6db2\u3002\u8fd9\u6b63\u662f\u5176\u53bb\u6c61\u7684\u673a\u7406\u3002\u6d17\u6da4, \u5728\u8868\u9762\u6d3b\u6027\u5242\u8bb8\u591a\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\u626e\u6f14\u7740\u91cd\u8981\u89d2\u8272\u3002\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d, \u8868\u9762\u6d3b\u6027\u5242\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u5404\u7c7b\u6d17\u6da4\u7528\u54c1\u5982\u6d17\u8863\u7c89\u3001\u6d17\u6d01\u7cbe\u3001\u6d17\u53d1\u818f\u4e2d, \u662f\u8fd9\u7c7b\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6210\u5206\u3002\u5de5\u519c\u4e1a\u751f\u4ea7\u4e2d, \u4ece\u8f66\u8f86\u6e05\u6d17\u5230\u4e09\u6b21\u91c7\u6cb9\u52a9\u5242, \u65e0\u4e0d\u5229\u7528\u4e86\u8868\u9762\u6d3b\u6027\u5242\u7684\u8fd9\u4e00\u7279\u6027\u3002\u5728\u524d\u6cbf\u57fa\u7840\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d, \u7528\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u539f\u7406, \u53ef\u5c06\u7ed3\u6784\u590d\u6742\u7684\u96be\u6eb6\u7269\u6eb6\u89e3\u4e8e\u6c34\u4e2d, \u5f62\u6210\u5747\u4e00\u3001\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u6eb6\u6db2\u3002\u5178\u578b\u7684\u5982\u7a00\u571f\u914d\u5408\u7269[19]\u3001\u5bcc\u52d2\u70efC60[20]\u7b49(\u56fe3(a))\u3002\u5f53\u4e0d\u6eb6\u4e8e\u6c34\u7684\u5ba2\u4f53\u5c3a\u5bf8\u8f83\u5927\u65f6, \u8868\u9762\u6d3b\u6027\u5242\u4e0d\u80fd\u8f85\u52a9\u5176\u5f7b\u5e95\u6eb6\u89e3, \u800c\u53ea\u80fd\u5305\u8986\u5728\u5176\u8868\u9762, \u8d77\u5230\u5206\u6563\u3001\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u4f5c\u7528, 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